Gulzarilal Nanda (1898–1998)

Gulzarilal Nanda was an Indian economist, freedom fighter and statesman who twice served as the Acting Prime Minister of India. He is remembered for his integrity, administrative skills, and contributions to labour welfare and planning in independent India.

Early Life and Freedom Struggle
Born on 4 July 1898 in Sialkot (now in Pakistan).
Actively participated in the Non-Cooperation Movement and other phases of the freedom struggle.
Developed expertise in labour issues and workers’ rights, which defined much of his later career.

Career After Independence
1. Labour Reforms and Planning
Nanda played a major role in shaping India’s labour policies:
Served as Labour Minister in Bombay State.
Later became Union Minister for Labour, Employment and Planning.
Worked towards improving industrial relations, workers’ welfare, and social security.

2. Acting Prime Minister of India (Twice)
He served as Acting Prime Minister on two occasions, during transitions of leadership:
After Jawaharlal Nehru’s death (May 1964).
After Lal Bahadur Shastri’s death (January 1966).
He held office both times until the Congress Party selected the next Prime Minister.

His tenure is noted for:
Maintaining stability during political uncertainty
His reputation for honesty and clean governance

Awards and Legacy
Awarded the Bharat Ratna (1997) for his exceptional contribution to public life.
Known for his simple lifestyle, integrity, and commitment to public welfare.
Remembered as one of India’s most respected interim leaders and a builder of labour institutions.