Phoenicia

Phoenicia was an ancient maritime civilization located along the eastern Mediterranean coast, in present-day Lebanon.
Maritime Trade Power – The Phoenicians were expert shipbuilders and navigators. Their trade routes reached as far as Spain and the British Isles, dealing in wood, purple dye, wine, metals, and glass.

Alphabet and Culture – They developed a 22-letter alphabet that became the foundation of the Greek and Latin alphabets used today.
Important Cities and Colonies – Major cities included Sidon and Tyre. They established colonies across the Mediterranean, the most famous being Carthage.
Decline – Phoenicia was conquered by several empires, including Alexander the Great in 332 BCE, and later became part of the Roman Empire in 64 BCE.